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Can Back Taxes Be Included in Bankruptcy?

  • Back taxes can be included in bankruptcy if they are owed for at least 3 years, returns were filed 2+ years ago, and the IRS assessed them 240+ days before you file.
  • Chapter 7 can erase eligible tax debts, while Chapter 13 allows repayment over 3-5 years; however, new, payroll, and property taxes are typically not included.
  • Contact The Credit Pros to review your full credit report and receive guidance on managing your taxes in bankruptcy.

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Related content: Can bankruptcy erase my tax debt What to know

Back taxes can qualify for bankruptcy under certain rules. You must owe the taxes for at least 3 years, have filed returns 2+ years ago, and the IRS must have assessed them 240+ days before you file. Fraud or dodging taxes on purpose won't fly.

Chapter 7 can wipe out eligible tax debts completely. Chapter 13 lets you pay them off over 3-5 years. New taxes, payroll taxes, and property taxes usually don't make the cut. Bankruptcy stops the IRS from collecting, but existing liens might stick around.

Need a hand? Give The Credit Pros a shout! We'll check out your full credit report and help you figure out how to handle your taxes in bankruptcy. No pressure - we'll just chat about your best moves for tax relief and getting your finances back on track.

On This Page:

    Can I Discharge Back Taxes In Bankruptcy (And Which Types Qualify For Relief)

    Yes, you can discharge some back taxes in bankruptcy, but strict rules apply. To qualify, your income tax debt must:

    1. Be at least 3 years old
    2. Stem from a valid tax return filed at least 2 years ago
    3. Have been assessed by the IRS at least 240 days before filing for bankruptcy

    Other important points include:

    • Only income taxes are dischargeable, not payroll or property taxes
    • You must not have committed tax fraud or willfully evaded taxes
    • Chapter 7 can eliminate qualifying tax debts completely
    • Chapter 13 allows you to pay tax debts through a 3-5 year repayment plan

    Even if your taxes don't qualify for discharge, bankruptcy can still help:

    • Stop wage garnishments and bank levies
    • Give you time to catch up on payments
    • Potentially reduce penalties and interest

    We recommend you consult a tax attorney or bankruptcy lawyer to review your situation. They can determine which taxes may be dischargeable and advise on the best approach.

    To wrap up, knowing the specific rules helps you figure out if you can discharge back taxes in bankruptcy and which types qualify for relief.

    What Are The Eligibility Criteria And Age Requirements For Including Taxes In Bankruptcy

    You can include certain tax debts in bankruptcy if they meet specific criteria.

    1. Only income taxes are eligible; payroll or trust fund taxes don't qualify.
    2. Tax debt must be at least 3 years old.
    3. You must have filed tax returns on time or at least 2 years before filing for bankruptcy.
    4. The IRS must have assessed the taxes at least 240 days before you file.
    5. No fraud or tax evasion should be involved.

    There are no specific age requirements to file for bankruptcy, but you must be 18 or older to enter into contracts. Practically, this makes 18 the minimum age to file.

    Other key points include:
    • Chapter 7 may discharge qualifying tax debts without repayment.
    • Chapter 13 allows you to repay priority tax debts over 3-5 years.
    • Recent taxes and certain other types of tax debt remain non-dischargeable.
    • Filing for bankruptcy temporarily stops IRS collection efforts.
    • You must file tax returns for the last 4 years before filing for bankruptcy.

    To wrap up, we recommend consulting a tax attorney to review your situation. They can help determine if bankruptcy is your best option for tax relief.

    Which Bankruptcy Chapter Handles Back Taxes Best

    Chapter 7 bankruptcy typically handles back taxes best for most people. You can potentially eliminate all dischargeable back taxes through Chapter 7, making it a powerful option if you're drowning in tax debt. However, strict requirements apply:

    • The taxes must be income taxes (not payroll or other types)
    • They must be at least 3 years old
    • You must have filed tax returns for those years at least 2 years ago
    • The IRS must have assessed the taxes at least 240 days before filing bankruptcy

    While Chapter 7 offers the most complete tax debt relief, it's harder to qualify for than other bankruptcy types. Chapter 13 provides an alternative, allowing you to pay back taxes through a 3-5 year repayment plan. Any remaining eligible tax debt may be discharged after completing the plan.

    Key points to remember:
    • Not all tax debts can be discharged in bankruptcy
    • Older income tax debts have the best chance of being eliminated
    • Tax liens may remain even if the underlying debt is discharged
    • Consult a bankruptcy attorney to determine your best option

    To finish, carefully evaluate if you meet the criteria for discharging taxes in Chapter 7 before filing. An experienced bankruptcy lawyer can review your situation and help you choose the most effective approach for handling your back taxes.

    How Does Bankruptcy Impact Different Types Of Tax Obligations

    How does bankruptcy impact different types of tax obligations? Bankruptcy affects tax obligations in various ways:

    1. Income Taxes:
    • You can discharge most unpaid income taxes.
    • Taxes must be at least 3 years old from their due date.
    • You must file tax returns at least 2 years before filing for bankruptcy.
    • Taxes from fraudulent returns or willful evasion can't be discharged.

    2. Payroll Taxes:
    • You cannot discharge payroll taxes.
    • You remain personally liable for “trust fund” taxes withheld from employee paychecks.

    3. Property Taxes:
    • Property taxes are usually not discharged but can be included in a Chapter 13 repayment plan.
    • Liens for unpaid property taxes generally survive bankruptcy.

    4. Sales Taxes:
    • You often cannot discharge sales taxes, especially if you collected but failed to remit them.

    5. Recent Taxes:
    • Taxes incurred within 3 years of filing are typically not dischargeable.

    Key points:
    • You should file all required tax returns before declaring bankruptcy.
    • Work with a tax professional to determine which taxes you can discharge.
    • Consider alternatives like offers in compromise or payment plans with the IRS.
    • Be aware that discharged tax debts may still be reported to credit bureaus.

    To finish, make sure you explore all options to resolve your tax debts before pursuing bankruptcy. Consulting a tax attorney or CPA helps you understand the implications for your specific situation.

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    Can I Include State And Local Back Taxes In Bankruptcy

    Yes, you can include state and local back taxes in bankruptcy, but it's not always straightforward. To qualify for discharge, your taxes must meet specific criteria:

    • The taxes are income taxes.
    • You filed a tax return at least 2 years before bankruptcy.
    • The taxes are at least 3 years old.
    • The IRS assessed the taxes at least 240 days before filing.
    • You didn't commit tax fraud or willful evasion.

    Keep in mind:

    • Bankruptcy doesn't remove tax liens filed before you filed.
    • You must still file current tax returns and pay ongoing taxes.
    • Some tax debts may not be eliminated through bankruptcy.

    You should consult a bankruptcy attorney to review your specific situation. They can help determine if your state and local back taxes qualify for discharge and guide you through the process.

    You must notify the relevant tax authorities if you file for bankruptcy. For example, Illinois requires you to email Rev.Bankruptcy@illinois.gov with your details and bankruptcy information.

    To finish, remember that bankruptcy can be complex, but it may offer relief for some of your tax debts. We're here to help you understand your options and take steps towards financial recovery.

    Do Tax Liens Affect The Discharge Of Back Taxes In Bankruptcy

    Yes, tax liens affect the discharge of back taxes in bankruptcy. You should know:

    • Tax liens survive bankruptcy, even if the underlying debt is discharged.
    • The lien remains attached to your property after bankruptcy.
    • You'll need to pay off the lien to sell or refinance the property.

    We understand this can be stressful. Here's what we advise you to do:

    • File for Chapter 7 bankruptcy if you qualify-it may eliminate some tax debts.
    • Meet specific criteria to discharge tax debts, like taxes over 3 years old.
    • Remember that newer tax debts and fraud-related taxes can't be discharged.
    • Consult a bankruptcy attorney to review your case and options.

    While bankruptcy discharges your personal liability for the tax debt, it doesn't remove existing liens. You'll still need to deal with those. To wrap up, make sure to consult a professional to navigate this process effectively and find the best solution for your situation.

    Can Bankruptcy Help With Irs Payment Plans For Back Taxes

    Yes, bankruptcy can help with IRS payment plans for back taxes. Filing for bankruptcy may provide relief in several ways:

    • Chapter 7 bankruptcy can discharge some older income tax debts if they meet specific criteria. Generally, the taxes must be at least 3 years old, and you must have filed the returns at least 2 years ago.
    • Chapter 13 bankruptcy allows you to include tax debts in a 3-5 year repayment plan. This can help you manage payments by spreading them out over time.
    • The automatic stay in bankruptcy stops IRS collection actions like wage garnishments or property seizures while your case is pending.
    • Bankruptcy may also eliminate penalties and interest on tax debts, reducing the overall amount you owe.

    However, there are important limitations:

    • Recent tax debts (less than 3 years old) usually can't be discharged in bankruptcy.
    • Payroll taxes and fraud-related tax debts are generally not dischargeable.
    • You must have filed tax returns for the debts you want to include in bankruptcy.

    We recommend that you consult a tax attorney or bankruptcy lawyer to evaluate your specific situation. They can advise if bankruptcy is the best option for handling your IRS tax debt or if alternatives like an offer in compromise may be more suitable. To wrap up, make sure you carefully consider all options before filing, as bankruptcy has serious consequences.

    How Do Fraud Or Tax Evasion Affect Tax Discharge In Bankruptcy

    Fraud and tax evasion severely limit your ability to discharge tax debts in bankruptcy. You can't wipe out taxes linked to fraudulent returns or willful evasion. The IRS takes a hard stance on these issues.

    For tax discharge in bankruptcy, you must meet strict criteria:
    • File legitimate tax returns.
    • Avoid willful evasion attempts.
    • Wait at least 3 years from the tax due date.
    • Have the IRS assess the tax at least 240 days before filing.
    • Ensure returns were filed at least 2 years ago.

    Even if you qualify, allegations of fraud can derail discharge. The IRS may argue your conduct was fraudulent to prevent discharge. Common red flags include:
    • Underreporting income.
    • Claiming false deductions.
    • Hiding assets.
    • Using shell companies.

    If fraud is proven, those tax debts become non-dischargeable. You'll remain liable even after bankruptcy. The IRS can resume collection efforts once your case closes.

    For willful evasion, the government must show:
    • A tax deficiency exists.
    • You acted willfully.
    • You took affirmative steps to evade taxes.

    Proving willfulness requires showing you knew of your tax duty and intentionally violated it. Mere negligence isn't enough.

    We recommend working with a tax attorney to review your situation. They can assess discharge eligibility and develop strategies to address any fraud concerns. With careful planning, you may still find relief through bankruptcy for eligible tax debts.

    To finish, remember that understanding these rules and working with a professional can help you navigate bankruptcy and potentially discharge eligible tax debts.

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    What Documents Do I Need To Include Taxes In Bankruptcy

    To include taxes in bankruptcy, you need several key documents:

    • Tax returns for the past 3-4 years
    • Proof of income (pay stubs, W-2 forms, 1099s)
    • Bank statements
    • Asset documentation (property deeds, vehicle titles)
    • Debt records (credit card statements, loan documents)
    • Expense records

    Your Licensed Insolvency Trustee (LIT) will help you complete an "Assignment" form declaring bankruptcy and a "Statement of Affairs" listing your assets, liabilities, income, and expenses. They file these with the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy, but you must provide accurate information. Keep copies of all notices and documents from your trustee.

    For the year of bankruptcy, you need to file:

    • A pre-bankruptcy return (January 1 to the day before bankruptcy)
    • A post-bankruptcy return (bankruptcy date to December 31)

    Your LIT may handle the pre-bankruptcy return, but you are responsible for the post-bankruptcy return unless your LIT does it for you. Clearly mark each return as pre- or post-bankruptcy above the "Identification" section.

    To finish, stay organized and work closely with your LIT to ensure all required documents are submitted properly, and remember that tax refunds from years before bankruptcy go to your trustee.

    What Are The Consequences Of Including Taxes In Bankruptcy

    Including taxes in bankruptcy has several consequences.

    You generally face a limited discharge since most tax debts can't be eliminated. You’ll likely owe the IRS after filing. However, you may discharge taxes if they’re over 3 years old, you filed returns honestly, and no tax liens exist on your property.

    Different chapters of bankruptcy affect your tax debt differently:
    • Chapter 7 may discharge some income taxes.
    • Chapter 13 allows you to repay over 3-5 years.

    You remain responsible for recent tax debts, fraudulent returns, and unfiled returns even after bankruptcy. The IRS retains certain collection powers, such as keeping payments made during the bankruptcy and extending the collection time for remaining debts. You must submit tax returns for the past 4 years before filing bankruptcy. If you own a business, know that unpaid employee withholdings can’t be discharged.

    Including taxes in bankruptcy can negatively impact your credit score. To finish, we recommend consulting a tax professional or bankruptcy attorney to understand how these consequences specifically apply to your situation.

    Are There Alternatives To Bankruptcy For Resolving Back Taxes

    You have several alternatives to bankruptcy for resolving back taxes. Let's explore them:

    1. Offer in Compromise (OIC): You can propose to settle your tax debt for less than what you owe. The IRS might accept if they believe it’s the most they can expect to collect.

    2. Installment Agreement: Set up a payment plan to pay off your tax debt over time, making payments more manageable.

    3. Currently Not Collectible (CNC) Status: If you can't pay due to financial hardship, the IRS may temporarily pause collection efforts.

    4. Penalty Abatement: Request removal of penalties added to your tax debt, which can significantly reduce what you owe.

    5. Tax Lien Subordination: Let another creditor move ahead of the IRS, potentially helping you get a loan to pay off your tax debt.

    We recommend:
    • Consult a tax professional or attorney specializing in tax resolution.
    • Gather all relevant financial documents.
    • Be honest about your financial situation.
    • Act quickly to avoid additional penalties and interest.

    To wrap up, addressing your tax debt proactively often leads to better outcomes than ignoring it or rushing into bankruptcy.

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